#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include"loops.h"
#include"operator.h"
#include"conditional statement.h"
#include"array.h"
int main()
{
    int choice;
    firstTopics:
    while(1)
    {
       printf("1.LOOP\n");
       printf("2.CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS\n");
       printf("3.OPERATOR\n");
       printf("4.ARRAY\n");
       printf("5.EXIT\n");
       printf("Enter the choice between 1 to 5\n");
       scanf("%d",&choice);
       switch(choice)
       {
           case 1:while(1)
                {

                  printf("1.example program for  for loop\n");

                  printf("2.example program for while loop\n");
                  printf("3.floyds triangle using loop\n");
                  printf("4.print rhombus pattern using loop\n");
                  printf("5.print A to I and 1 to 6 like right angled triangle\n");
                  printf("6.print stars using loop\n");
                  printf("7.find lcm and hcf using loop\n");
                  printf("8.print alphabets:\n");

                  printf("9.Last digit of a number\n");
                  printf("10.First digit of a number\n");

                  printf("11.Check polindrome or not\n");
                  printf("12.Find power of number\n");
                  printf("13.go to first topic\n");
                  printf("Enter choice between 1 to 13\n ");
                  scanf("%d",&choice);
                  switch(choice)
                  {



                      case 1:exampleProgramForForLoop();break;
                      case 2:exampleProgramForWhileLoop();break;
                      case 3:floydsTriangle();break;
                      case 4:rombusPattern();break;
                      case 5:printbelowPattern();break;
                      case 6:usingLoopprintstars();break;
                      case 7:findLcmAndHcfUsingLoop();break;
                      case 8:printAlphabets();break;

                      case 9:lastDigitOfANumber();break;
                      case 10:firstDigitOfANumber();break;

                      case 11:checkPolindromeOrNot();break;
                      case 12:findPowerOfNumber();break;

                      case 13:goto firstTopics;break;
                      case 14:printf("invalid choice\n");

                  }
                }
            case 2:while(1)
            {

                  printf("1.if statement example program\n");
                  printf("2.if else statement example program\n");
                  printf("3.if else if ladder example program\n");
                  printf("4.linear search\n");
                  printf("5.find day using switch\n");
                  printf("6.operators in switch case\n");
                  printf("7.nested switch case\n");
                  printf("8.checking vowel or not using switch case\n");
                  printf("9.maximum number between two\n");
                  printf("10.perfect root of the given number\n");
                  printf("11.find leap year\n");
                  printf("12.km convert into centi meter or meter\n");
                  printf("13.go to first topic\n");
                  printf("enter the choice between 1 to 13\n");
                  scanf("%d",&choice);
                  switch(choice)
                  {

                      case 1:ifStatementExampleProgram();break;
                      case 2:ifElseStatementExampleProgram();break;
                      case 3: ifElseIfLaddeexampleProgram();break;
                      case 4:LinearSearch();break;
                      case 5:findDayUsingSwitchCase();break;
                      case 6:operatornsInSwitchCase();break;
                      case 7:nestedSwitchCase();break;
                      case 8:checkingVowelOrNotUsingSwitchCase();break;
                      case 9:maximumNumberBetweenTwoNum();break;
                      case 10:perfectSquareRoot();break;
                      case 11:findLeapYear();break;
                      case 12:kmConvertToMetreCentiMeter();break;
                      case 13:goto firstTopics ;break;
                      default:printf("invalid choice\n");
                  }
            }
            case 3:while(1)
                {



                   printf("1.Example program for arithmatic operator\n");
                   printf("2.Example program for logical operator\n");
                   printf("3.Example program for increment and decrement\n");
                   printf("4.Example program for relational operator\n");
                   printf("5.Example program for assignment operator\n");
                   printf("6.Example program for size of operator\n");

                   printf("7.Example program for shift operator\n");
                   printf("8.check number is prime or not\n");
                   printf("9.number of series and find some\n");
                   printf("10.to add numbers unstill user enter zero\n");
                   printf("11.go to first topic\n ");
                   printf("enter the choice between 1 to 11\n ");
                   scanf("%d",&choice);
                   switch(choice)
                   {



                        case 1:arithmaticOperator();break;
                        case 2:logicalOperator();break;
                        case 3:incrementAndDecrement();break;
                        case 4:relationalOperator();break;
                        case 5:assignmentOperator();break;
                        case 6:sizeOfOperator();break;

                        case 7:shiftOperator();break;
                        case 8:checkNumberPrimeOrNot();break;
                        case 9:sumOfSeriesOfFraction();break;
                        case 10:toAddNumbersUntillTheUserEntersZero();break;
                        case 11:goto firstTopics;break;
                        default:printf("invalid choice\n");

                   }
                }
            case 4:while(1)
                  {

                      printf("1.Sum of array\n");
                      printf("2.Find largest element in an array element\n");
                      printf("3.Find smallest element in an array element\n");
                      printf("4.Find average Of an array element\n");
                      printf("5.Covert number to decimal to octal numbers\n");
                      printf("6.Find even and odd number 0f the array elements\n");
                      printf("7.Reverse order of an array elements\n");
                      printf("8.Number of zeroes in an array elements\n");
                      printf("9.Sum and subtract of matrix elements\n");
                      printf("10.Printing array elements\n");
                      printf("11.Deleting element from an array\n");
                      printf("12.Sorting of an element using 3 rows and 3 column\n");
                      printf("13.Tranpose of matrix using array\n");
                      printf("14.Structure demo using different data types Of array\n");
                      printf("15.Trace of matrix using two dimensional array\n");
                      printf("16.Norm of matrix using two dimensional array\n");
                      printf("17.Address of matrix elements\n");
                      printf("18.Finding a string length of an array\n");
                      printf("19.Swapping of two array elements\n");
                      printf("20.No of zeros,positive and negative\n");
                      printf("21.Sum diagonal elements\n");
                      printf("22.Acending and descending order in array\n");
                      printf("23.Copying array elements from another array\n");
                      printf("24.Second largest element in an array\n");
                      printf("25.Multiplication of an array\n");
                      printf("26.go to first topic\n");
                      printf("Enter choice between 1 to 26\n");
                      scanf("%d",&choice);
                      switch(choice)
                      {
                          case 1:sumofarray();break;
                          case 2:findLargestOfArrayElement();break;
                          case 3:findSmallestOfArrayElement();break;
                          case 4:findaverageOfArrayElement();break;
                          case 5:covertNumberDecimalToOctal();break;
                          case 6:findEvenAndOddOfTheArrayElements();break;
                          case 7:reverseOrderOfArrayElements();break;
                          case 8:noOfZeroesInArrayElements();break;
                          case 9:sumAndSubOfMatrixOfArrayElements();break;
                          case 10:printingArrayElements();break;
                          case 11:deletingElementInArray();break;
                          case 12:sortElementUsing3RowsAnd3col();break;
                          case 13:tranposeOfMatrixUsingArray();break;
                          case 14:structureDemoUsingDifferentDatatypesOfArray();break;
                          case 15:traceOfMatrixUsingTwoDimensionalArray();break;
                          case 16:normOfMatrixUsingTwoDimensionalArray();break;
                          case 17:addressOfMatrixElements();break;
                          case 18:stringLength();break;
                          case 19:swappingOfTwoArrayElements();break;
                          case 20:noOfZerozPositiveAndNegative();break;
                          case 21:diagonalElementsSum();break;
                          case 22:acendingAndDescendingOrderInArray();break;
                          case 23:copyArrayElementsToAnotherArray();break;
                          case 24:secondLargestInAnArray();break;
                          case 25:multiplicationOfArray();break;
                          case 26:goto firstTopics;break;
                          default:printf("Enter the correct choice\n");break;
                      }
                  }
                  case 5:exit(0);
       }
    }
}



loops//





void exampleProgramForForLoop()
{
    int i;
    printf("print number from 1 to 10\n\n");
    for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
    {
        printf("%d\n",i);
    }
}

void exampleProgramForWhileLoop()
{
    int num=200;
    printf("print numbers from 200 to 400\n\n");
    while(num<=400)
    {
        printf("%d\n",num);
        num++;
    }
    printf("*******************\n\n");
}
void floydsTriangle() /*Floyd's triangle 1
                                        2 3
                                        4 5 6
                                        7 8 9 1*/
{
   int i,j,r,k=1;
   printf("Enter the range: ");
   scanf("%d",&r);
   printf("FLOYD'S TRIANGLE\n\n");
   for(i=1;i<=r;i++)
    {
       for(j=1;j<=i;j++,k++)
       {
        printf(" %d",k);
       }
       printf("\n\n");
   }
}
void rombusPattern()
{
    /* Rhombus Pattern

   1 1
  2   2
 3     3
4       4
 3     3
  2   2
   1 1

*/
  int num,i,c,s,n;
  printf("Enter maximum number : ");
  scanf("%d", &num);
  for(i=1; i<=num; i++)
  {
    for(s=num-i; s>=1; s--)
       printf(" ");
    printf("%d", i);
    for(s=i*2; s>1; s--)
       printf(" ");
    printf("%d", i);
    printf("\n");
  }
  for(i=1,n=num-1; i<num; i++,n--)
  {
    for(s=i; s>=1; s--)
       printf(" ");
    printf("%d",n);
    for(s=n*2; s>1; s--)
       printf(" ");
    printf("%d", n);
    printf("\n");
    }
}
void printbelowPattern()
{
/* Print Pattern

A
1 2
B C D
3 4 5 6
E F G H I

*/
	int i,n,j,k=1;
	char ch='A';
	printf("\n\nEnter How Many Rows Own::>\n");
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		if((i%2)==0)
		{
		 	for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
			{
				printf("%d",k);
				k++;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
			{
				printf("%c",ch);
				ch++;
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

}
void usingLoopprintstars()
{
    /*--

 **********
 ***  ***  ***
 **    **    **
 *      *      *

 *      *      *
 **    **    **
 ***  ***  ***
 **********

--*/

     int i, j, k;
     for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
     {
         for(j=1;j<=6-i;j++)
         {
             printf("*");
         }
         for(k=1;k<i;k++)
         {
             printf("  ");
         }
         for(j=1;j<=6-i;j++)
         {
             printf("*");
         }
         printf("\n");
     }
     for(i=2;i<=5;i++)
     {
         for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
         {
             printf("*");
         }
         for(k=1;k<=5-i;k++)
         {
             printf("  ");
         }
         for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
         {
             printf("*");
         }
         printf("\n");
     }

}
void findLcmAndHcfUsingLoop()
{
	int a, b, g, hcf, i, lcm;


	printf( " Enter Two Numbers :\n " );
	scanf( "%d %d", &a, &b );

	if(a > b)
		g = a;
	else
		g = b;

	for(i=g ; i<=(a*b) ; i++)
	{
		if((i%a == 0) && (i%b == 0))
		{
			lcm = i;
			break;
		}
	}

	printf( "\n The LCM of given Numbers is = %d\n", lcm );
	hcf = (a * b) / lcm;
	printf( "\n The HCF of given Numbers is = %d\n", hcf );

}
void printAlphabets()
{
    char ch;

    printf("Alphabets from a - z are: \n");
    for(ch='a'; ch<='z'; ch++)
    {
        printf("%c\n", ch);
    }

    return 0;
}

void lastDigitOfANumber()
{
    int n, lastDigit;

    /* Input number from user */
    printf("Enter any number: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    /* Get the last digit */
    lastDigit = n % 10;

    printf("Last digit = %d\n", lastDigit);

    return 0;
}
void firstDigitOfANumber()
{
    int n, first;

    /* Input number from user */
    printf("Enter any number: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    first = n;

    /* Remove last digit from number till only one digit is left */
    while(first >= 10)
    {
        first = first / 10;
    }

    printf("First digit = %d\n", first);

    return 0;
}
void checkPolindromeOrNot()
{
    int n, num, rev = 0;

    /* Input a number from user */
    printf("Enter any number to check palindrome: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    /* Copy original value to 'num' to 'n'*/
    num = n;

    /* Find reverse of n and store in rev */
    while(n != 0)
    {
        rev = (rev * 10) + (n % 10);
        n  /= 10;
    }

    /* Check if reverse is equal to 'num' or not */
    if(rev == num)
    {
        printf("%d is palindrome.\n", num);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%d is not palindrome.\n", num);
    }

    return 0;
}
void findPowerOfNumber()
{
    int base, exponent;
    long long power = 1;
    int i;

    /* Input base and exponent from user */
    printf("Enter base: ");
    scanf("%d", &base);
    printf("Enter exponent: ");
    scanf("%d", &exponent);

    /* Multiply base, exponent times*/
    for(i=1; i<=exponent; i++)
    {
        power = power * base;
    }

    printf("%d ^ %d = %lld", base, exponent, power);

    return 0;
}


operator


void arithmaticOperator()
{
    int a,b;
    printf("Enter the value for a and b:\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
  	int  sum, sub, mul, rem, idiv ;
  	float  rdiv;


  	sum = a + b;
  	sub = a - b;
  	mul = a * b;
  	idiv = a / b;
	rem = a % b;
  	rdiv = (float)a / (float)b;


	printf( "\n sum = %d", sum );
	printf( "\n sub = %d", sub );
	printf( "\n mul = %d", mul );
	printf( "\n idiv = %d", idiv );
	printf( "\n rem = %d", rem );
  	printf( "\n rdiv = %f", rdiv );
}
void logicalOperator()
{
    int a ,b,c,result;
    printf("Enter number for a,b and c\n");
    scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);

    result = (a == b) && (c > b);
    printf("(a == b) && (c > b) is %d \n", result);

    result = (a == b) && (c < b);
    printf("(a == b) && (c < b) is %d \n", result);

    result = (a == b) || (c < b);
    printf("(a == b) || (c < b) is %d \n", result);

    result = (a != b) || (c < b);
    printf("(a != b) || (c < b) is %d \n", result);

    result = !(a != b);
    printf("!(a != b) is %d \n", result);

    result = !(a == b);
    printf("!(a == b) is %d \n", result);

    return 0;
}


void incrementAndDecrement()
{
    int a = 10, b = 100;
    float c = 10.5, d = 100.5;

    printf("++a = %d \n", ++a);
    printf("--b = %d \n", --b);
    printf("++c = %f \n", ++c);
    printf("--d = %f \n", --d);
}
void relationalOperator()
{
	int n;
	printf( "\n Enter any Number : " );
	scanf( "%d", &n );

	printf( "\n (n < 10) is = %d", (n < 10) );
	printf( "\n (n > 10) is = %d", (n > 10) );
	printf( "\n (n <= 10) is = %d", (n <= 10) );
	printf( "\n (n >= 10) is = %d", (n >= 10) );
	printf( "\n (n == 10) is = %d", (n == 10) );
	printf( "\n (n != 10) is = %d", (n != 10) );

}
void assignmentOperator()
{
    int a,c;
    printf("Enter the number for a\n");
    scanf("%d",&a);

    c = a;      // c is 5
    printf("c = %d\n", c);
    c += a;     // c is 10
    printf("c = %d\n", c);
    c -= a;     // c is 5
    printf("c = %d\n", c);
    c *= a;     // c is 25
    printf("c = %d\n", c);
    c /= a;     // c is 5
    printf("c = %d\n", c);
    c %= a;     // c = 0
    printf("c = %d\n", c);

}
void sizeOfOperator()
{
    int a;
    float b;
    double c;
    char d;
    printf("Size of int=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(a));
    printf("Size of float=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(b));
    printf("Size of double=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(c));
    printf("Size of char=%lu byte\n",sizeof(d));

}

void shiftOperator()
{
    int num, i;
    printf("Enter number for shift\n");
    for (i=0; i<=2; ++i)
    printf("Right shift by %d: %d\n", i, num>>i);
    printf("\n");
    for (i=0; i<=2; ++i)
    printf("Left shift by %d: %d\n", i, num<<i);
}
void checkNumberPrimeOrNot()
{
    printf("in this program we use operators to find given number is prime or not\n");
    int num,i,count=0;
    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%d",&num);
    for(i=2;i<=num/2;i++)
    {
        if(num%i==0)
        {
            count++;
            break;
        }
    }
   if(count==0 && num!= 1)
        printf("%d is a prime number",num);
   else
      printf("%d is not a prime number",num);

}
/*Series and find sum of 1+3+5+...+n */
void seriesAndFindSum()
{
  int n,i,sum=0;
  printf("Enter any no: ");
  scanf("%d",&n);
  for(i=1;i<n;i=i+2)
  {
    printf("%d+",i);
    sum=sum+i;
  }
 printf("%d",n);
 printf("\nsum=%d",sum+n);
}
void sumOfSeriesOfFraction()/*Sum of series 1+1/2+1/3+....+1/n*/
{
   int n,i,sum=0;
   printf("Enter any no: ");
   scanf("%d",&n);
   printf("1");
   for(i=2;i<=n-1;i++)
   {
     printf(" 1/%d +",i);
   }
   for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
   {
       sum=sum+i;
   }
    printf(" 1/%d",n);
    printf("\nSum=1/%d",sum+1/n);
}
void toAddNumbersUntillTheUserEntersZero()
{
    // Program to add numbers until the user enters zero
  double number, sum = 0;

  // the body of the loop is executed at least once
  do {
    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%lf", &number);
    sum += number;
  }
  while(number != 0.0);

  printf("Sum = %.2lf",sum);
}




conditional statement


void ifStatementExampleProgram()
{
    int i;
    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&i);
    if(i%2==0)
    {
        printf("given number is even\n");
    }
}
void ifElseStatementExampleProgram()
{
    int i;
    printf("Enter the number\n");
    scanf("%d",&i);
    if(i>0)
    {
        printf("given number is positive\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("given number is negative\n");
    }
}
void ifElseIfLaddeexampleProgram()
{
    int num1,num2,num3;
    printf("Enter the values for num1,num2,num3\n");
    scanf("%d%d%d",&num1,&num2,&num3);
    if(num1>num2 & num1>num3)
    {
        printf("%d is greater\n",num1);
    }
    else if(num2>num3)
    {
        printf("%d is greater\n",num2);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%d is greater\n",num3);
    }
}
void LinearSearch()
{
    int array[50],search,c,n;
    printf("enter the element\n");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    printf("enter %d elements:\n");
    for(c=0;c<n;c++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&array[c]);
    }
    printf("Enter the number to search\n:");
    scanf("%d",&search);
    for(c=0;c<n;c++)
    {
        if(array[c]==search)
        {
            printf("%d is present at location %d\n",search,c+1);break;
        }
        if(c==n)
        {
            printf("%d is not present in array\n",search);
        }
    }
}
void findDayUsingSwitchCase()
{

	int day;
	printf("Enter day number:>>\n");
	scanf("%d",&day);
	switch(day)
	{

		case 1:
		{
			printf("Monday");
			break;
		}
	  	case 2:
		{
			printf("Tuesday");
			break;
		}
		case 3:
		{
			printf("Wednesday");
			break;
		}
	 	case 4:
		{
			printf("Thursday");
			break;
		}
		case 5:
		{
			printf("Friday");
			break;
		}
	  	case 6:
		{
		 	printf("Saturday");
			break;
		}
	 	case 7:
		{
			printf("Sunday");
		 	break;
		}
		default:
		{
			printf("Invalid day number");
		}
	}
	printf("\nHave a nice day");
}
void operatornsInSwitchCase()// Operator as case in switch case
{
	char op;
	float num1,num2,res;
	printf("Enter first number:>>\n");
	scanf("%f",&num1);
	printf("Enter second number:>>\n");
	scanf("%f",&num2);
	printf("Operation(+,-,*,/):>>\n");
	fflush(stdin);
	scanf("%c",&op);
	switch(op)
	{
		case '+':
		{
			res=num1+num2;
			break;
		}
		case '-':
		{
			res=num1-num2;
			break;
		}
		case '*':
		{
			res=num1*num2;
			break;

		}
		case '/':
		{
			res=num1/num2;
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			printf("Invalid choice...");
		}
	}
	printf("Result::%f",res);

}
void nestedSwitchCase()
{
    int choice,ch1,ch2;
	printf("\n1.Pen \n2.Fruits");
	printf("\nEnter value of choice:>>");
	scanf("%d",&choice);
	switch(choice)
	{
		case 1:
		{
			printf("\n1.Micro \n2.Renold \n3.Cello:");
			printf("\nEnter the value of Ch1:>>\n");
			scanf("%d",&ch1);
			switch(ch1)
			{
				case 1:
				{
					printf("\nMicro");
					break;
				}
				case 2:
				{
					printf("\nRenold");
					break;
				}
				case 3:
				{
					printf("\nCello");
					break;
				}
				default:
				{
					printf("Invalid case");
				}
			}
			break;
		}
		case 2:
		{
			printf("\n1.Mango \n2.Orange \n3.Pineple");
			printf("Enter the value of Ch2:>>\n");
			scanf("%d",&ch2);
			switch(ch2)
			{
				case 1:
				{
					printf("\nMango");
					break;
				}
				case 2:
				{
					printf("\nOrange");
					break;
				}
				case 3:
				{
					printf("\nPineple");
					break;
				}
				default:
				{
					printf("Invalid case");
				}
			}
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			printf("Invalid Choice");
		}
	}

}
void checkingVowelOrNotUsingSwitchCase()
{

	char ch;
     printf(" Enter any Character : " );
     getchar();
	 scanf("%c",&ch);

	switch( ch )
	{
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
		case 'i':
		case 'I':
		case 'o':
		case 'O':
		case 'u':
		case 'U':printf( "\n %c is Vowel.", ch );break;
		default :
			printf( "\n %c is not a Vowel.", ch );
			break;
	}

}
void maximumNumberBetweenTwoNum()
{
    int a,b,max;
    printf("Enter two numbers : ");
    scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
    if(a > b)
         max = a;
    else
         max = b;
    printf("Max is %d\n",max);
    return 0;
}
void perfectSquareRoot()
{
	int n,a;
	printf("Enter the value of N:\n");
	scanf("%d",&n);
	a=sqrt(n);
	if(n-(a*a)==0)
		printf("\n\n\nIt is perfect squre");
	else
		printf("\n\n\nIt is not perfect squre\n");
}
void findLeapYear()
{
  int year;

  printf("Enter a year : \n");
  scanf("%d", &year);

  if ( year%400 == 0)
  {
     printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year);
  }
  else if ( year%100 == 0)
  {
     printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year);
  }
  else if ( year%4 == 0 )
  {
     printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year);
  }
  else
  {
     printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year);
  }
}
void kmConvertToMetreCentiMeter()
{
  float km;
  int v;
  float ans;

  printf("Enter distance in K.M. :\n ");
  scanf("%f",&km);
  printf("1 for meter 2 for centimeter 3 for mm : ");

  scanf("%d",&v);

  if(v==1)
  {
    ans=km*1000;
  }

  if(v==2)
  {
    ans=km*100000;
  }

  if(v==3)
  {
    ans=km*1000000;
  }

 printf("Answer : %.2f",ans);
}

array//

void sumofarray()
{
    printf("Sum of array\n");
    int i,a[10],sumofarray=0;
    for(i=0;i<10;i++)
    {
        a[i]=i+1;
    }
    for(i=0;i<10;i++)
    {
        sumofarray=sumofarray+a[i];
    }
    printf("%d\n",sumofarray);

}
void findLargestOfArrayElement()
{
    int a[10],limit,largest,i;
    printf("Enter the no array elements you want:");
    scanf("%d",&limit);
    printf("Enter %d elements\n",limit);

    for(i=0;i<limit;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    }
    largest = a[0];
    for(i=1;i<limit;i++)
    {
        if(a[i] > largest)
        {
            largest = a[i];
        }
    }
    printf("Largest of array is %d\n",largest);
}
void findSmallestOfArrayElement()
{
    int a[10],limit,smallest,i;
    printf("Enter the no array elements you want:");
    scanf("%d",&limit);
    printf("Enter %d elements\n",limit);

    for(i=0;i<limit;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    }
    smallest = a[0];
    for(i=1;i<limit;i++)
    {
        if(a[i] < smallest)
        {
            smallest = a[i];
        }
    }
    printf("Smallest of array is %d\n",smallest);
}

void findaverageOfArrayElement()
{
  int marks[10],i,n,sum=0,average;
  printf("Enter the number:\n");
  scanf("%d",&n);
  for(i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
      printf("Enter number %d:",i+1);
      scanf("%d",&marks[i]);
      sum+=marks[i];
  }
  average=sum/n;
  printf("Average=%d\n",average);
}
void covertNumberDecimalToOctal()
{
    long decimalnum, remainder, quotient;
    int octalNumber[100], i = 1, j;

    printf("Enter the decimal number: ");
    scanf("%ld", &decimalnum);
    quotient = decimalnum;
    while (quotient != 0)
    {
        octalNumber[i++] = quotient % 8;
        quotient = quotient / 8;
    }
    printf("Equivalent octal value of decimal no %d:\n ", decimalnum);
    for (j = i - 1; j > 0; j--)
        printf("%d", octalNumber[j]);
}


void findEvenAndOddOfTheArrayElements()
 {
    int arr1[10], arr2[10], arr3[10];
    int i,j=0,k=0,n;
    printf("Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :");
    scanf("%d",&n);

    printf("Input %d elements in the array :\n",n);
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        printf("element - %d : ",i);
        scanf("%d",&arr1[i]);
    }

    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
	if (arr1[i]%2 == 0)
	{
	   arr2[j] = arr1[i];
	   j++;
	}
	else
	{
	   arr3[k] = arr1[i];
	   k++;
	}
    }

    printf("\nThe Even elements are : \n");
    for(i=0;i<j;i++)
    {
	printf("%d ",arr2[i]);
    }

    printf("\nThe Odd elements are :\n");
    for(i=0;i<k;i++)
    {
	printf("%d ", arr3[i]);
    }
    printf("\n\n");
 }

void reverseOrderOfArrayElements()
{
    int a[10],limit,i,noOfZeros = 0;
    printf("Enter the limit of array:\n");
    scanf("%d",&limit);
    printf("Enter %d elements\n",limit);
    for(i=0;i<limit;i=i+1)
    {
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    }
    printf("Array elements in reverse order\n");
    for(i=limit-1;i>=0;i=i-1)
    {
       printf("%d\n",a[i]);
    }
}
void noOfZeroesInArrayElements()
{
    int a[10],limit,i,numOfZeros=0;
    printf("Enter the limit of array\n");
    scanf("%d",&limit);
    printf("Enter %d elements\n",limit);
    for(i=0;i<limit;i=i+1)
    {
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    }
    for(i=0;i<limit;i=i+1)

    {
          if(a[i]==0)
      {
         numOfZeros++;
      }
    }
    printf("num of zeros %d",numOfZeros);
}
void sumAndSubOfMatrixOfArrayElements()
{
  int first[2][2],second[2][2],result[2][2],rowLimit,colLimit,row,col,sub[2][2];
  printf("Enter,row,col of first matrix\n");
  scanf("%d%d",&rowLimit,&colLimit);
  printf("Enter %d elements\n",rowLimit*colLimit);
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)
    // first matrix
  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        scanf("%d",&first[row][col]);
     }

  }
    //readig second matrix
  printf("Enter,row,col of second matrix\n");
  scanf("%d%d",&rowLimit,&colLimit);
  printf("Enter %d elements\n",rowLimit*colLimit);
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)

  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        scanf("%d",&second[row][col]);
     }

  }
   //making sum
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)

  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        result[row][col]=first[row][col]+second[row][col];
     }

  }
   //printing the result
   printf("sum of matrix\n");
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)

  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        printf("%d\t",result[row][col]);
     }
     printf("\n");
  }
  //making sub
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)

  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        result[row][col]=first[row][col]-second[row][col];
     }

  }
  //printing the result
   printf("sub of matrix\n");
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)

  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        printf("%d\t",result[row][col]);
     }
     printf("\n");
  }

}
void printingArrayElements()
{
  int _2d[3][3],rowLimit,colLimit,row,col;
  printf("Enter the num of rows and cols you want \n");
  scanf("%d%d",&rowLimit,&colLimit);
  printf("Enter %d elements\n",rowLimit*colLimit);
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)
  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        scanf("%d",&_2d[row][col]);
     }

  }
  printf("Entered array elements\n");
  for(row=0;row<rowLimit;row++)
  {
     for(col=0;col<colLimit;col++)
     {
        printf("%d\t",_2d[row][col]);
     }
     printf("\n");
  }
}
void deletingElementInArray()
{
	int m[10],del,i,j,n;

	printf("How many elements ?");
	scanf("%d",&n);
	printf("\nEnter %d elements\n",n);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		scanf("%d",&m[i]);
	}
	printf("\nEnter number for delete:");
	scanf("%d",&del);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		if(m[i]==del)break;
	}
	for(j=i;j<n;j++)
	{
		m[j]=m[j+1];
	}
	n--;
	printf("\nAfter deletion\n");
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		printf("%d\n",m[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}
void sortElementUsing3RowsAnd3col()
{
	int a[3][3],i,j,k,temp;

	printf("Enter 3*3 matrix A \n");
	for(i=0;i<3;i++)
	{
		for(j=0;j<3;j++)
		{
			scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
		}
	}
	for(i=0;i<3;i++)
	{
		for(j=0;j<3-1;j++)
		{
			for(k=j+1;k<3;k++)
			{
				if(a[i][j]>a[i][k])
				{
					temp=a[i][j];
					a[i][j]=a[i][k];
					a[i][k]=temp;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	printf("\nRow by row sorted\n");
	for(i=0;i<3;i++)
	{
		for(j=0;j<3;j++)
		{
			printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

}
void tranposeOfMatrixUsingArray()
{
    int a[10][10], transpose[10][10], r, c;
  printf("Enter rows and columns: ");
  scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);

  // asssigning elements to the matrix
  printf("\nEnter matrix elements:\n");
  for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i)
  for (int j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
    printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
    scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
  }

  // printing the matrix a[][]
  printf("\nEntered matrix: \n");
  for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i)
  for (int j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
    printf("%d  ", a[i][j]);
    if (j == c - 1)
    printf("\n");
  }
// computing the transpose
  for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i)
  for (int j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
    transpose[j][i] = a[i][j];
  }

  // printing the transpose
  printf("\nTranspose of the matrix:\n");
  for (int i = 0; i < c; ++i)
  for (int j = 0; j < r; ++j) {
    printf("%d  ", transpose[i][j]);
    if (j == r - 1)
    printf("\n");
  }
}

void structureDemoUsingDifferentDatatypesOfArray()
{
    struct Student
    {
        char name[10];
        char usn[10];
        char degree[5];
        int sem;
        float avg;
    };
    struct Student s1,s2;
    printf("Size of s1:%d\n",sizeof(s1));
    printf("Size of s2:%d\n",sizeof(s2));

}
void traceOfMatrixUsingTwoDimensionalArray()
{
    int matrix[10][10],row,col,rowLimit,colLimit,trace,norm,sum = 0,squareOfInputElement,sumofsquare = 0;
    printf("Enter the no of rows and cols you want.?\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&rowLimit,&colLimit);
    printf("Enter the %d elements\n",rowLimit*colLimit);
    for(row = 0;row<rowLimit;row++)
    {
        for(col = 0;col<colLimit;col++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&matrix[row][col]);
            squareOfInputElement = matrix[row][col] * matrix[row][col];

        }
    }
    for(row = 0; row < rowLimit; row++)
    {
        sum = sum + matrix[row][row];
        printf("Trace of matrix:%d\n",sum);
    }
}
void normOfMatrixUsingTwoDimensionalArray()
{
    int matrix[10][10],row,col,rowLimit,colLimit,trace,norm,sum = 0,squareOfInputElement,sumofsquare = 0;
    printf("Enter the no of rows and cols you want.?\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&rowLimit,&colLimit);
    printf("Enter the %d elements\n",rowLimit*colLimit);
    for(row = 0;row<rowLimit;row++)
    {
        for(col = 0;col<colLimit;col++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&matrix[row][col]);
            sumofsquare = sumofsquare + squareOfInputElement;
        }
    }
    norm = sqrt((double)sumofsquare);
    printf("Norm of matrix:%d\n",norm);

}
void addressOfMatrixElements()
{
    int a[3][3],row,col,i=1;
    printf("Size of a:%d\n",sizeof(a));
    for(row=0;row<3;row++)
    {
        for(col=0;col<3;col++)
        {
            a[row][col] = i;
            i++;
        }
    }
    for(row=0;row<3;row++)
    {
        for(col=0;col<3;col++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",a[row][col]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    for(row=0;row<3;row++)
    {
        for(col=0;col<3;col++)
        {
            printf("%u\t",&a[row][col]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;

}
void stringLength()
{
    char a[10];
    int i=0,strLength=0;
    printf("Enter the string:\n");
    getchar();
    gets(a);
    while(a[i]!='\0')
    {
        i=i+1;
        strLength++;
    }
    printf("%d",strLength);
}

void swappingOfTwoArrayElements()
{
  int a[5],b[5],c[5],i;
  printf("Enter First array->\n");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++)
  scanf("%d",&a[i]);
  printf("Enter Second array->\n");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
            scanf("%d",&b[i]);
}
  printf("\nArrays before swapping");
  printf("\nFirst array->");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
            printf("%d",a[i]);
  }
  printf("\nSecond array->");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++){
            printf("%d",b[i]);
  }
  for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
            //write any swapping technique
            c[i]=a[i];
            a[i]=b[i];
            b[i]=c[i];
  }
  printf("Arrays after swapping\n");
  printf("First array->\n");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++){
            printf("%d\n",a[i]);
  }
  printf("Second array->\n");
  for(i=0;i<5;i++){
            printf("%d\n",b[i]);
  }
}


void noOfZerozPositiveAndNegative()
{
	int m[10],i,pos=0,neg=0,zero=0,n;
	printf("How many numbers ?");
	scanf("%d",&n);
	printf("\nEnter %d integer elements \n",n);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		printf("\n");
		scanf("%d",&m[i]);
		if(m[i]>0)
		{
			pos++;
		}
		else if(m[i]<0)
		{
			neg++;
		}
		else
		{
			zero++;
		}
	}
	printf("\npositive elements=%d\n",pos);
	printf("\nnegative elements=%d\n",neg);
	printf("\nzero elements=%d\n",zero);

}

void diagonalElementsSum()
{
  int a[10][10],i,j,sum=0,m,n;
  printf("\nEnter the row and column of matrix: \n");
  scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
  printf("\nEnter the elements of matrix: \n");
  for(i=0;i<m;i++)
  {
      for(j=0;j<n;j++)
      {
           scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
      }
  }
  printf("\nThe matrix is\n");
  for(i=0;i<m;i++)
  {
      printf("\n");
      for(j=0;j<m;j++)
      {
        printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
      }
  }

  for(i=0;i<m;i++)
  {
     for(j=0;j<n;j++)
     {
          if(i==j)
              sum=sum+a[i][j];
     }
  }

   printf("\nSum of the diagonal elements of a matrix is: %d",sum);
}


void acendingAndDescendingOrderInArray()

{
	int arr[10],tmp[10],i,j,temp;
	for(i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		printf("\nEnter value of %d Elements:",i+1);
		scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
		tmp[i]=arr[i];
	}
	for(i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		for(j=i+1;j<10;j++)
		{
			if(arr[i]>arr[j])
			{
				temp=arr[i];
				arr[i]=arr[j];
				arr[j]=temp;
			}
		}
	}
	printf("\n-------------------------------------------");
	printf("\n Original\tAccending\tDescending");
	printf("\n-------------------------------------------");
	for(i=0,j=9;i<10;i++,j--)
	{
		printf("\n%d\t\t%d\t\t%d",tmp[i],arr[i],arr[j]);
	}
	printf("\n-------------------------------------------");
	printf("\n\n\n press any key-----");
}

void copyArrayElementsToAnotherArray()
{

    int arr1[30], arr2[30], i, num;
    printf("\nEnter no of elements:\n");
    scanf("%d", &num);
    //Accepting values into Array
    printf("\nEnter the values:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
    {
       scanf("%d", &arr1[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
    {
    arr2[i] = arr1[i];
    }
    //Printing of all elements of array
    printf("The copied array is:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
    printf("\n arr2[%d] = %d\n", i, arr2[i]);
}
void secondLargestInAnArray()
{
    int arr[100],i,n,sec_largest;
    printf("Enter the size of the array?\n");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    printf("Enter the elements of the array\n?");
    for(i = 0; i<n; i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
    }
    sec_largest = arr[1];
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        if (arr[i]>sec_largest)
        {
            sec_largest=arr[i];
        }
    }
    printf(" second largest = %d\n",sec_largest);
}
void multiplicationOfArray()
{
    int first[5][5],second[5][5],result[5][5],row1,col1,row2,col2,rowCounter,colCounter,k;
    printf("Enter the first matrix row and column limit\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&row1,&col1);
    printf("Enter first matrix %d elements\n",row1*col1);
    for(rowCounter=0;rowCounter<row1;rowCounter++)
    {
        for(colCounter = 0;colCounter<col1;colCounter++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&first[rowCounter][colCounter]);
        }
    }

    printf("Enter the second matrix row and column limit\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&row2,&col2);
    printf("Enter second matrix %d elements\n",row2*col2);
    for(rowCounter=0;rowCounter<row2;rowCounter++)
    {
        for(colCounter = 0;colCounter<col2;colCounter++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&second[rowCounter][colCounter]);
        }
    }
    printf(" First matrix:\n");
    for(rowCounter=0;rowCounter<row1;rowCounter++)
    {
        for(colCounter = 0;colCounter<col1;colCounter++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",first[rowCounter][colCounter]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
     printf("Second matrix:\n");
    for(rowCounter=0;rowCounter<row2;rowCounter++)
    {
        for(colCounter = 0;colCounter<col2;colCounter++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",second[rowCounter][colCounter]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    if(row1 == col2)
    {
   		for (rowCounter = 0; rowCounter < row1; rowCounter++)
   		{
    			for (colCounter = 0; colCounter < col2; colCounter++)
    			{
         				result[rowCounter][colCounter] = 0;
      			}
   		}


        for (rowCounter = 0; rowCounter < row1; rowCounter++)
        {
      		for (colCounter = 0; colCounter < col2; colCounter++)
      		{
                for ( k = 0; k < col1; k++)
                {
            			result[rowCounter][colCounter] += first[rowCounter][k] * second[k][colCounter];
                }

            }
        }

    }
    else
    {
        printf("Rows of first matrix is not equal to columns of second matrix,enter correct order of matrix\n");
    }


    printf("Resultant matrix\n");
    for(rowCounter=0;rowCounter<row1;rowCounter++)
    {
        for(colCounter = 0;colCounter<col2;colCounter++)
        {
            printf("%d\t",result[rowCounter][colCounter]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}